ESSAY of INSTRUCTIONAL MEDIA

I. What have you learned so far in this class?

in Instructional media i learned many types of instructional media, it can be used in the teaching learning process start from audio, Audio Visual, Computer, Internet and Realia. 

The types of instructional media consist of :

1. AUDIO 

Definition

      Audio in learning process is a tool or media which contains auditative massage, it can also stimulate minds, thoughts, feelings, attentions and willing of students, so that it will make a learning  process.

Principles of audio

·         Should be made on the process purposes of learning process

·         Should be suitable withstudents level

·         Should be suitable with teachers ability

·         Should be suitable with situation, condition and place

Role of audio

Learning is used to :

·         The learning foreign languanges as a tool to help giving examples on how to pronounce foreign words

·         To make learning material form audio recording

·         To easy students re-access the materials repeatedly.

Examples

·         Computer

·         Radio tape

·         Mp3/DVD Player

Tools

·         Electricity, wire, compact disc, USB flash contain audio files, cassette, speakers & Audio palyer

 2. AUDIO VISUAL 

Definition

            Audio visual as intruction that involves the use of visual and auditory aids to facilitates learning. Audio in the teaching help student to can know media – media about audio.

Role of instruction

            Role in istruction of audio visual is to enhance teachers to present the lesson in simple effective and easy to understand for the student.

            ─ to attack and retain learners attention

            ─ to generate interest across different level of student

            ─ to develop lesson plans that are simple and easy to follow

            ─ to make class more interactive and interesting.

            ─ to focus on student centered apprroach.

Principles

            Principles of audio visual is

1.      Related to the topic of the lesson

2.      within the age and mathurational level of the lesson

3.      pre-reviewed by the teacher before the actual lesson to as certain that everything is in order

4.      accurate in content and accepable in order places for same lesson

5.      usw of media item will take up a significant position of instructional time over multiple days the teachers feels that the content of the material may merit advanced notice to parents.

Tools

Tv

DVD

Computer

3. COMPUTER

CALL  ( Computer Assistant Language Learning)

a.       Definition

     Computer not only consist of computer,laptop, but all gadget which have OS

(Operasional System).

b.      Function

1.       Learning efficiency : learners able to pick up language knowledge, skill faster.

2.       Learning effectiveness : learners retain language knowledge.

3.       Acess : learners can get material or experience.

4.       Convenience : learners can study and practice with equal effectiveness.

5.       Motivation : learners enjoy language learning process.

6.       Institutional efficiency : learners require the material even less teacher, most cheap.

c.       Role in instruction

1.       Development and language assessment tools.

2.       Listening, speaking, and pronounciation practice assistant.

3.       Reading and writing media.

4.       Data storage.

5.       Communication media.

d.      Tools

1.       Desktop computer

2.       Laptop

3.       Smarthphone – tablet

4.       PDA (Personal Digital Assistant)

5.       MP3 Player

6.       Electronic white board

e.      Principle

1.       Effective learners actively process lesson content.

2.       Presenting information from multiple perspective increase the durability of instruction.

3.       Effective instruction should build upon students knowledge and experiences and be grounded in meaningful contexts.

f.        Example

-          Laptop

-          handphone

4. INTERNET

Definition of internet

            Internet or (interconnection network) is media which is very effective to update information and find sience for education.

Role of instruction

           

1. Professional developments

• Increase knowledge
• Share source of information between partner works
• Communicate to worldwide
• Chance to publish/announced directly
• Control communication regularly
• Participation in with working local or international

2. A source of learning and information center

• Information media and methodology learning
• Raw materials :material for all fields lessons
• Access to information and technology
• The library or reference

3. Learn by herself quickly

• Increase knowledge
• Learn so much
• Increase its capacity in the field of research

4. Add insight, intercommunication, knowledge, the development of a career, improving communication with all communities, increase accessibility will the existing problems around the world .information scholarship, a vacancy, training, entertainment, etc.

Principles of internet

1.      good practice encourage student faculty contact

Frequent student-faculty contact in and out of classes is the most important factor in student motivation and involvement. Faculty concern helps students get through rough times and keep on working

2.      good practice encourage corporation among student

Learning is enhanced when is more like a team effort that solo race. Good learning, like good work, is collaborative and social, not competitive and isolated. Working with other often increases involvement in learning.

3.      good practice encourage active learning

Learning is not a spectator sport. Students do not learn so much just sitting in classes listening to teachers, memorizing pre-packaged assignments and spitting out answers. They must talk about what they are learning write about it relate it to past experience, and apply it to their daily lives.

4.      good practice give formpt feedback

Knowing what you know and don’t know focuses learning. Students need appropriate feedback on performance to benefit from courses. In getting started, students need help in assessing existing knowledge and competence.

5.      good practice respect diverse talent and ways of learning

There are many roads to learning. People bring different talents and styles of learning to college. Brilliant students in the seminar room may be all thumbs in the lab or art studio. Students rich in hands-on experience may not do so well in theory.

Tools of internet

 Tools internet including using for internet that is

1.      Hardware

·         Computer

·         Modem

·         Line telephone

2.      Software

·         Mozila firefox

·         Google chrome

·         Opera

·         Safari

·         Internet

·         Explorer

5. REALIA

a.       Definition

    Realia are objects from real life used in classroom instruction by educators to improve students understanding of other cultures and real life situation. A teacher of a foreign language often employs realia to strengthen students associations between words for everyday objects and the objects themselves.

b.      Role in instruction

         Using realia in Role-play don’t stop at using realia to learn vocabulary or grammar. Use objects in role-plays to make the situation more realistic. Using realia is only limited by your imagination. Here are some ideas on how to use realia in your lesson :

1.       Use your country flag and a map to show students where you live and to help them learn the names of foreign countries.

2.       Stage a fashion show after learning the vocabulary for items of clothing.

3.       Utilize toys such as plastic animals and toy cars in games for young learners.

4.       Bring in items such as biscuits and plastic cups to practice ordering drinks.

c.       Principles

1.       Object (realia or pictures) help students understand the target language.

2.       Teacher should demonstrate, not explain or translate.

3.       Students should learn to think in the target language as soon as possible.

4.       The purpose of language learning is communication.

5.       Pronounciation should be worked on right from the beginning of language instruction.

6.       Self-correction facilitates language learning.

7.       Conversation activities should be given.

d.      Example

-          To illustrate and teach young learners vocabulary for animal, clothing, fruit, for example, I use actual object or facsimile thereof  (pieces of clothing, toys animals, plastic fruit).

-          To introduce my students from Canada, I used a canadian flag, map of the world, and photographs of Canada. What realia allows me to do is create a picture of my country, introduce and practice target vocabulary and sentence patterns (I,m from japan), and serve as a springboard to compare and contrast Canada with japan (japan is part of asia. Canada is part of America ).

e.      Tools

-          Toys / Doll.