in Instructional media i learned many types of instructional media, it can be used in the teaching learning process start from audio, Audio Visual, Computer, Internet and Realia.
The types of instructional media consist of :
1. AUDIO
Definition
Audio in learning process is a tool or
media which contains auditative massage, it can also stimulate minds, thoughts,
feelings, attentions and willing of students, so that it will make a
learning process.
Principles of
audio
·
Should be made on the
process purposes of learning process
·
Should be suitable
withstudents level
·
Should be suitable
with teachers ability
·
Should be suitable
with situation, condition and place
Role of audio
Learning is used to :
·
The learning foreign languanges
as a tool to help giving examples on how to pronounce foreign words
·
To make learning
material form audio recording
·
To easy students
re-access the materials repeatedly.
Examples
·
Computer
·
Radio tape
·
Mp3/DVD Player
Tools
·
Electricity, wire, compact
disc, USB flash contain audio files, cassette, speakers & Audio palyer
2. AUDIO VISUAL
Definition
Audio visual as intruction that
involves the use of visual and auditory aids to facilitates learning. Audio in
the teaching help student to can know media – media about audio.
Role of
instruction
Role in istruction of audio visual
is to enhance teachers to present the lesson in simple effective and easy to
understand for the student.
─ to attack and retain learners
attention
─ to generate interest across
different level of student
─ to develop lesson plans that are
simple and easy to follow
─ to make class more interactive and
interesting.
─ to focus on student centered
apprroach.
Principles
Principles of audio visual is
1.
Related
to the topic of the lesson
2.
within
the age and mathurational level of the lesson
3.
pre-reviewed
by the teacher before the actual lesson to as certain that everything is in
order
4.
accurate
in content and accepable in order places for same lesson
5.
usw
of media item will take up a significant position of instructional time over
multiple days the teachers feels that the content of the material may merit
advanced notice to parents.
Tools
Tv
DVD
Computer
3. COMPUTER
CALL ( Computer Assistant Language Learning)
a.
Definition
Computer not only consist of
computer,laptop, but all gadget which have OS
(Operasional System).
b.
Function
1.
Learning efficiency : learners able to pick up
language knowledge, skill faster.
2.
Learning effectiveness : learners retain
language knowledge.
3.
Acess : learners can get material or experience.
4.
Convenience : learners can study and practice
with equal effectiveness.
5.
Motivation : learners enjoy language learning
process.
6.
Institutional efficiency : learners require the
material even less teacher, most cheap.
c.
Role in instruction
1.
Development and language assessment tools.
2.
Listening, speaking, and pronounciation practice
assistant.
3.
Reading and writing media.
4.
Data storage.
5.
Communication media.
d.
Tools
1.
Desktop computer
2.
Laptop
3.
Smarthphone – tablet
4.
PDA (Personal Digital Assistant)
5.
MP3 Player
6.
Electronic white board
e.
Principle
1.
Effective learners actively process lesson
content.
2.
Presenting information from multiple perspective
increase the durability of instruction.
3.
Effective instruction should build upon students
knowledge and experiences and be grounded in meaningful contexts.
f.
Example
-
Laptop
-
handphone
4. INTERNET
Definition of
internet
Internet or (interconnection
network) is media which is very effective to update information and find sience
for education.
Role of
instruction
- Professional developments
- Increase knowledge
- Share source of information between partner works
- Communicate to worldwide
- Chance to publish/announced directly
- Control communication regularly
- Participation in with working local or international
- A source of learning and information center
- Information media and methodology learning
- Raw materials :material for all fields lessons
- Access to information and technology
- The library or reference
- Learn by herself quickly
- Increase knowledge
- Learn so much
- Increase its capacity in the field of research
- Add insight, intercommunication, knowledge, the development of a career, improving communication with all communities, increase accessibility will the existing problems around the world .information scholarship, a vacancy, training, entertainment, etc.
Principles of internet
1.
good practice
encourage student faculty contact
Frequent student-faculty contact
in and out of classes is the most important factor in student motivation and
involvement. Faculty concern helps students get through rough times and keep on
working
2.
good practice
encourage corporation among student
Learning is enhanced when is more
like a team effort that solo race. Good learning, like good work, is
collaborative and social, not competitive and isolated. Working with other
often increases involvement in learning.
3.
good practice
encourage active learning
Learning is not a spectator
sport. Students do not learn so much just sitting in classes listening to
teachers, memorizing pre-packaged assignments and spitting out answers. They
must talk about what they are learning write about it relate it to past
experience, and apply it to their daily lives.
4.
good practice give
formpt feedback
Knowing what you know and don’t
know focuses learning. Students need appropriate feedback on performance to
benefit from courses. In getting started, students need help in assessing
existing knowledge and competence.
5.
good practice respect
diverse talent and ways of learning
There are many roads to learning.
People bring different talents and styles of learning to college. Brilliant
students in the seminar room may be all thumbs in the lab or art studio.
Students rich in hands-on experience may not do so well in theory.
Tools of internet
Tools internet
including using for internet that is
1.
Hardware
·
Computer
·
Modem
·
Line telephone
2.
Software
·
Mozila firefox
·
Google chrome
·
Opera
·
Safari
·
Internet
·
Explorer
5. REALIA
a.
Definition
Realia are objects from real life used in classroom instruction by
educators to improve students understanding of other cultures and real life
situation. A teacher of a foreign language often employs realia to strengthen
students associations between words for everyday objects and the objects
themselves.
b.
Role in instruction
Using realia in Role-play don’t stop at
using realia to learn vocabulary or grammar. Use objects in role-plays to make
the situation more realistic. Using realia is only limited by your imagination.
Here are some ideas on how to use realia in your lesson :
1.
Use your country flag and a map to show students
where you live and to help them learn the names of foreign countries.
2.
Stage a fashion show after learning the
vocabulary for items of clothing.
3.
Utilize toys such as plastic animals and toy
cars in games for young learners.
4.
Bring in items such as biscuits and plastic cups
to practice ordering drinks.
c.
Principles
1.
Object (realia or pictures) help students
understand the target language.
2.
Teacher should demonstrate, not explain or
translate.
3.
Students should learn to think in the target
language as soon as possible.
4.
The purpose of language learning is
communication.
5.
Pronounciation should be worked on right from
the beginning of language instruction.
6.
Self-correction facilitates language learning.
7.
Conversation activities should be given.
d.
Example
-
To illustrate and teach young learners
vocabulary for animal, clothing, fruit, for example, I use actual object or
facsimile thereof (pieces of clothing,
toys animals, plastic fruit).
-
To introduce my students from Canada, I used a
canadian flag, map of the world, and photographs of Canada. What realia allows
me to do is create a picture of my country, introduce and practice target
vocabulary and sentence patterns (I,m from japan), and serve as a springboard
to compare and contrast Canada with japan (japan is part of asia. Canada is
part of America ).
e.
Tools
-
Toys / Doll.
